Test 3 study guide

World systems analysis is an approach that focuses on the interdependence among the countries that make up a single economic system. P.245

neocolonialism is a system of economic domination of poorer nations by wealthier ones without the use of formal political control or military occupation. P.245

social capital refers to relationships that are potentially economically valuable resulting from membership in a group. P.236

equal opportunity is the idea that all people should have the same chance to achieve success. P.234

classism is prejudice or discrimination based on social class. P.232

meritocracy refers to the notion that people are rewarded and are able to advance because of their abilities. P.234

class mobility is the ability to move from one social class to another. P.228

capitalism is an economic system that emphasizes private ownership of the means of production, which are operated for profit. P.455

Amalgamation is the process by which a majority and a minority group blend or mixed to form a new group. P.259

implicit bias refers to biases or prejudices existing at a deep subconscious level. P.276

Racial minorities and Hispanics tend to receive a lower standard of health care than do non-Hispanic Whites. P.272 

split-labor market theory is the theory that ethnic and racial conflicts often emerge when to racial or ethnic groups compete for the same jobs. P.275

Blacks and Hispanics are about three times more likely to be poor than our non-Hispanic Whites. P.272 

resistance involves actively asserting oneself – either individually or collectively – in defiance of majority discrimination. P.259

racism is the belief that one race is inherently superior to another. P.256

passing involves blending in with the dominant group. P.259

genocide is the systematic killing of a group of people, based on their race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. P.259

heterosexism refers to attitudes and behavior that indicate an assumption that everyone is heterosexual. P.305

Media portrayals of gender in television shows, movies, music videos, as well as the news signal appropriate or acceptable behavior and attitudes, especially to young men and women. P.294

doing gender is the process of creating gender through interactions in particular social settings. P.291

sexism is the ideology that one sex is superior to the other. P.290

second shift is the phenomenon of employed women still having primary responsibility for housework and childcare.

gender role is a set of social expectations regarding behavior and attitudes based on a person’s sex.

transgender people are individuals who identify with a gender different from the one associated with their sex. P.313

gender convergence refers to a trend toward increasing similarity in how women and men live.